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Arq. bras. cardiol ; 110(2): 124-131, Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888018

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Previous data has shown that patients in the indeterminate form of Chagas disease may present myocardial fibrosis as shown on through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, there is little information available regarding the degree of severity of myocardial fibrosis in these individuals. This variable has the potential to predict the evolution of Chagas' disease into its cardiac form. Objectives: To describe the frequency and extent of myocardial fibrosis evaluated using an MRI in patients in the indeterminate form, and to compare it with other forms of the disease. Methods: Patients were admitted one after another. Their clinical history was collected and they were submitted to laboratory exams and an MRI. Results: Sixty-one patients with Chagas' disease, with an average age of 58 ± 9 years old, 17 patients in the indeterminate form, 16 in the cardiac form without left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and 28 in the cardiac form with LV dysfunction were studied. P <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Late enhancement was detected in 37 patients (64%). Myocardial fibrosis was identified in 6 individuals in indeterminate form (41%; 95% CI 23-66) in a proportion similar to that observed in cardiac form without LV dysfunction (44%); p = 1.0. Among the individuals with fibrosis, the total area of the affected myocardium was 4.1% (IIQ: 2.1 - 10.7) in the indeterminate form versus 2.3% (IIQ: 1-5) in the cardiac form without LV (p = 0.18). The left ventricular fraction ejection in subjects in the indeterminate form was similar to that of the individuals in the cardiac form without ventricular dysfunction (p = 0.09). Conclusion: The presence of fibrosis in the indeterminate form of Chagas' disease has a frequency and extension similar to that of in the cardiac form without dysfunction, suggesting that the former is part of a subclinical disease spectrum, rather than lacking cardiac involvement.


Resumo Fundamento: Dados prévios têm demonstrado que pacientes na forma indeterminada podem apresentar fibrose miocárdica à ressonância magnética (RM). No entanto, são poucas as informações disponíveis quanto ao grau de fibrose miocárdica apresentada por esses indivíduos, o que guardaria relação com o potencial dessa variável na predição de evolução para a forma cardíaca da doença de Chagas. Objetivos: Descrever a frequência e extensão da fibrose miocárdica avaliada por RM em pacientes da forma indeterminada, comparando com as outras formas da doença. Métodos: Pacientes consecutivamente admitidos tiveram história clínica colhida e foram submetidos à realização de exames laboratoriais e RM. Resultados: Foram estudados 61 pacientes portadores da doença de Chagas, com média de idade de 58 ± 9 anos, sendo 17 pacientes na forma indeterminada, 16 na forma cardíaca sem disfunção do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) e 28 na forma com disfunção do VE. Foi considerado estatisticamente significante p < 0,05. Realce tardio foi detectado em 37 pacientes (64%). Foi identificada fibrose miocárdica em 6 indivíduos na forma indeterminada (41%; IC95% 23 - 66), proporção semelhante à observada na forma cardíaca sem disfunção do VE (44%); p = 1,0. Entre os indivíduos com fibrose, a área total do miocárdio acometida foi de 4,1% (IIQ: 2,1 - 10,7) na forma indeterminada versus 2,3% (IIQ: 1 - 5) na forma cardíaca sem disfunção do VE (p = 0,18). A fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo nos indivíduos na forma indeterminada foi semelhante aos portadores da forma cardíaca sem disfunção ventricular (p = 0,09). Conclusão: A presença de fibrose na forma indeterminada da doença de Chagas tem frequência e extensão semelhante à forma cardíaca sem disfunção, o que sugere que a primeira faz parte de um espectro de doença subclínica, em vez da ausência de acometimento cardíaco.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Fibrosis/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Cardiomyopathies/diagnostic imaging , Fibrosis/physiopathology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging , Cardiomyopathies/physiopathology
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